Arrays

Type-C includes built-in array types as a core feature. This primitive array type is distinct from the standard library's Array type.

Similar to Java arrays, Type-C arrays:

• Have a fixed size.
• Use zero-based indexing.
• Are declared using the [] syntax.
• Can be initialized using the [] literal or the array keyword.

Declaration and Initialization

You can declare and initialize arrays like this:

Accessing Elements and Properties

You can access elements and retrieve the length of an array:

Array Operations

Type-C arrays support a range of operations, including indexing, slicing, and resizing. Here’s a summary:

Examples

Supported Operations

• Indexing: Access elements by their index.

  • Syntax: arr[i]
  • Constraints: i must be of type u64.
  • Behavior: Returns the element at index i.

• Reverse Indexing: Access elements using negative indices.

  • Syntax: arr[-i]
  • Constraints: i must be of type u64.
  • Behavior: Returns the element at index arr.length - i.

• Index Assignment: Modify elements by their index.

  • Syntax: arr[i] = x
  • Constraints: i must be of type u64.
  • Behavior: Sets the element at index i to x and returns x.

• Reverse Index Assignment: Modify elements using negative indices.

  • Syntax: arr[-i] = x
  • Constraints: i must be of type u64.
  • Behavior: Sets the element at index arr.length - i to x and returns x.

• Length: Retrieve the array's length.

  • Syntax: arr.length
  • Behavior: Returns the array length as a u64.

• Slicing: Extract a subarray.

  • Syntax: arr.slice(start, end)
  • Constraints: start and end must be of type u64.
  • Behavior: Returns a new array containing elements from start (inclusive) to end (exclusive).

• Extend: Increase the array's size.

  • Syntax: arr.extend(x)
  • Constraints: x must be of type u64.
  • Behavior: Resizes the array to x elements. Returns void.

Notes

• Fixed Size: Arrays does not automatically grow or shrink. Use extend to resize them (this reallocates memory).
• Index Bounds: Accessing indices out of bounds will result in an error.
• Unset Values: Uninitialized array elements are set to zero.
• Immutable Slicing: Slicing produces a copy of the selected range.